Kuziva Mkhau Writes:
Introduction:
Gender-based violence (GBV) and disability are two critical issues that intersect in Zimbabwe, posing significant challenges for individuals who face multiple layers of vulnerability and marginalization. This article aims to shed light on the issues of gender-based violence and disability in Zimbabwe, exploring the existing legislation on disability and GBV, and providing relevant examples to illustrate the gravity of the situation. By addressing these issues, we can strive for inclusive protection, advocacy, and support for all members of society.
The Intersection of Gender-Based Violence and Disability:
Gender-based violence refers to any harmful act that is perpetrated against an individual based on their gender, affecting people across various socio-economic backgrounds. When combined with disability, GBV takes on an even more complex and damaging form. Persons with disabilities often face additional barriers, such as limited access to resources, exclusion from social networks, and discriminatory attitudes. These factors leave them at heightened risk of experiencing GBV and restrict their access to justice and support services.
Zimbabwe’s Legislation on Disability:
Zimbabwe has made efforts to address disability issues through legislation. The Disabled Persons Act of 1992 provides a legal framework for the protection and promotion of the rights of persons with disabilities. It recognizes the rights to education, employment, healthcare, and accessibility. Additionally, the Constitution of Zimbabwe, adopted in 2013, guarantees the equal treatment and non-discrimination of persons with disabilities. However, despite these legal provisions, challenges persist in ensuring effective implementation and enforcement.
Gender-Based Violence Legislation in Zimbabwe:
Zimbabwe has also taken steps to combat gender-based violence. The Domestic Violence Act, enacted in 2007, criminalizes various forms of violence within domestic settings, including physical, sexual, emotional, and economic abuse. The Act provides protection orders, support services, and legal remedies for survivors. Furthermore, the Criminal Law (Codification and Reform) Act criminalizes rape, sexual assault, and other forms of sexual violence. However, practical barriers, such as limited awareness, inadequate funding, and insufficient training of law enforcement officials, often hinder the effective implementation of these laws.
Examples of Gender-Based Violence Against Persons with Disabilities in Zimbabwe:
Sexual violence: Persons with disabilities, especially women and girls, are at increased risk of sexual violence. Due to their vulnerabilities and societal misconceptions about disability, they may face higher rates of sexual exploitation, rape, and coerced sexual acts.
Physical abuse: Individuals with disabilities often experience physical abuse, including assaults, beatings, and maltreatment. They may be subjected to violence within institutions or mistreated by caregivers or family members.
Emotional abuse: Emotional abuse, such as verbal insults, humiliation, and isolation, can have severe psychological consequences for persons with disabilities. They may face stigma, discrimination, and negative attitudes that exacerbate their emotional distress.
Call for Inclusive Protection and Support:
To address the intersecting issues of gender-based violence and disability in Zimbabwe, it is crucial to take comprehensive action:
Strengthening legislation: There is a need for enhanced implementation and enforcement of existing laws. This includes raising awareness among law enforcement agencies, judges, and the general public about the rights and protection of persons with disabilities.
Inclusive support services: Ensure that support services, such as counseling, shelters, and legal aid, are accessible and responsive to the needs of persons with disabilities. This requires training service providers on disability inclusion and adapting services to accommodate diverse disabilities.
Prevention and awareness: Conduct targeted awareness campaigns to challenge societal stereotypes, promote gender equality, and foster inclusivity. Education and sensitization initiatives should target schools, communities, and healthcare providers.
Empowering persons with disabilities: Promote the active participation and leadership of persons with disabilities in decision-making processes. Encourage their involvement in designing and implementing programs that address GBV and disability.
Conclusion:
Addressing gender-based violence and disability in Zimbabwe requires a multi-faceted approach that emphasizes inclusive protection, advocacy, and support. By strengthening legislation, enhancing support services, raising awareness, and empowering persons with disabilities, Zimbabwe can take significant strides towards a society that upholds the rights and dignity of all its citizens, irrespective of gender or disability. It is our collective responsibility to create an inclusive and safe environment for everyone.